Behaviorism
Behaviorism is a worldview that assumes a learner is essentially
passive, responding to environmental stimuli. The learner starts off as a
clean slate (i.e. tabula rasa) and behavior is shaped through
positive reinforcement or negative reinforcement. Both positive
reinforcement and negative reinforcement increase the probability that
the antecedent behavior will happen again. In contrast, punishment
(both positive and negative) decreases the likelihood that the
antecedent behavior will happen again. Positive indicates the
application of a stimulus; Negative indicates the withholding of a
stimulus. Learning is therefore defined as a change in behavior in the
learner. Lots of (early) behaviorist work was done with animals (e.g.
Pavlov’s dogs) and generalized to humans.
Behaviorism precedes the cognitivist worldview. It rejects structuralism and is an extension of Logical Positivism.
Radical behaviorism
Developed by BF Skinner, Radical Behaviorism describes a particular school that emerged during the reign of behaviorism. It is distinct from other schools of behaviorism, with major differences in the acceptance of mediating structures, the role of emotions, etc.
Sumber: http://www.learning-theories.com/behaviorism.html
Behaviorism precedes the cognitivist worldview. It rejects structuralism and is an extension of Logical Positivism.
Radical behaviorism
Developed by BF Skinner, Radical Behaviorism describes a particular school that emerged during the reign of behaviorism. It is distinct from other schools of behaviorism, with major differences in the acceptance of mediating structures, the role of emotions, etc.
Sumber: http://www.learning-theories.com/behaviorism.html